When People Rebel-1857 and After in One Shot | History - Class 8th | Umang | Physics Wallah - YouTube
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British Policy and the People's Reaction in India
- The anger among the people increases due to the policies of the East India Company.
- The power of the Nawabs and landlords leads to sections of society rebelling.
- The report discusses the victims of the British policy and how they were affected.
- The British policy joins different sections of society under the control of the East India Company.
- Changes occur as power gradually shifts from the Nawabs to the company.
- The company interferes in society through houses given in every state, increasing its control.
- The company produces the army for the villages, leading to taxes and consequences for non-payment.
- The company gains control over Re Diwani and queens, engaging with influential figures like Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi.
Historical and Administrative Issues in Colonial India
- The company refuses to recognize the rightful heir to the throne.
- Peshwa Baji Rao and the Maratha empire are discussed.
- Awadh's relationship with the company is explained.
- The subsidiary alliance policy is mentioned.
- The removal of Mughal names from coins and idols is discussed.
- The fate of Bahadur Shah Zafar and the end of the Mughal empire are explained.
- The problems with the permanent settlement system and revenue collection are mentioned.
- The struggles of the landowners and the impact on the common people are discussed.
- The involvement of Indian Sapphoys in the administration is mentioned.
Unhappiness of workers and new rules in the company
- Workers are unhappy with having to work for long hours, up to 10 to 12 hours.
- The company made new rules and laws but was violating them during a rally.
- Workers' relatives have sensitivities, so companies provide certain benefits.
- A story from Burma is mentioned about Indian Sepoys who believed crossing the ocean would establish a connection.
- A new rule in the company requires recruits to go through the sea route if sent to fight somewhere.
- The people in the countryside village are even more unhappy and their family members are upset due to harassment from the company.
- The company's response system is aimed at preventing such issues from happening again.
- British laws were made for the remarriage of widows and promotion of English medium education.
- Christian missionaries had the freedom to promote education in English.
- In 1850, a law was made for conversion to Christianity, offering certain benefits but also taking away properties.
Conversion to Christianity and its Impact on Social Customs and Land Ownership
- Conversion to Christianity allows for the adoption of the Krishna faith.
- The company ensures that land ownership is protected after conversion.
- People mistakenly believed the individual in question was British.
- There is an attempt to destroy the relationship with traditional social customs.
- The company advocates for the elimination of customs and traditions.
- The book highlights encounters and stops along the way to Mathura.
- The company plans to create a report on MS Word pricing and the elimination of Hindu and Muslim religions.
- Kings and princes refuse the company's declarations and support Russia.
- The company divides into 20 local kings and princesses.
- The Meerut Regiment and other regiments are involved in writing letters.
- The book "From This Point to Subedar" by Subscribe Pandey discusses the events.
- In 1968, the company is forced to fold, and the son of Subscriber Pandey is killed.
- The report explores factors leading to the uprising, including fraudulent enrollment and illegal logging subsidiaries.
The Rebellion of 1857 in India
- The rebellion was triggered by various factors, including the mistreatment of Indian soldiers by British officers.
- The rebellion began in Meerut when soldier Mangal Pandey attacked a British officer and was subsequently executed.
- The rebellion spread to Delhi, where the soldiers killed British officers and sought the support of Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor.
- Bahadur Shah Zafar initially hesitated but eventually joined the rebellion and wrote a letter urging unity among Indians.
- The rebellion gained momentum and spread to other cities, such as Kanpur.
- The rebellion was a significant turning point in India's fight for independence and led to increased opposition against British rule.
Events during the Indian Rebellion of 1857
- British forces pick up Britishers from Kanpur during the rebellion.
- Nanasaheb proclaims himself as the Governor in Mercury and Venus Safar.
- Wajid Ali Shah's son is removed and deposited, and Bahadur Shah Zafar's daughter works under Bahadur Shah Zafar.
- Rani Lakshmibai fights against the British in MP and Avantibai Lodhi fights in Jhansi.
- Colonel Tytler sends a telegram describing the situation in Awadh, where villages are against the British.
- Maulvi Ahmed Sheela Shah dies in the Awadh situation.
- Rebellion leaders fight in Lucknow, Varanasi, and Bihar.
- The company creates new rules to punish rebels and tries and sentences Shah Zafar to life imprisonment.
- Shah Zafar and Begum Zeenat Mahal are sent to Rangoon jail.
Events and changes during the British rule in India.
- Bahadur Shah was imprisoned in Rangoon jail.
- Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, died in the jail in November 1862.
- Lucknow came under British control.
- Rani Avanti Bai of Jhansi fought against the British and died in the battle.
- Tatya Tope, a leader, was caught, prosecuted, and died.
- British tried to win back the trust of the people.
- Rewards were given to Noida landholders loyal to the British.
- Some participants of the rebellion were given safety and rights on their lands.
- The British realized their old policies wouldn't work and made significant changes.
- The Government of India Act 1881 was passed, transferring power and territories from the East India Company to the British Crown.
- The British took over the responsible management of Indian affairs.
- Indian leaders continued to resist British rule.
Changes in Indian Rulers and Army during British Rule
- British members of the government appointed a Secretary of State for India.
- The Secretary of State for India was responsible for all matters related to the government of India.
- The title of Governor General of India was established.
- British Crown became the ultimate authority in India, known as British Paramountcy.
- Indian rulers were required to subordinate themselves to the British Crown.
- The number of Indian soldiers in the army was reduced, with more emphasis on European soldiers.
- Recruitment was done from regions like Avadh, Vihar, Central, South India, Gurkhas, and Pathans.
British Policies and Treatment towards Muslims and Rebels in India during Colonial Rule.
- British believed that Muslims were responsible for certain actions.
- Muslims faced property confiscation and mistreatment by the British.
- British policies aimed to undermine Hindu-Muslim unity.
- The British made policies to protect landlords and landowners.
- The rebellion against British rule involved figures like Mangal Pandey, Bahadur Shah Zafar, and Rani Lakshmi Bai.
- Rani Lakshmi Bai demanded a pension for her son and the right to live in the Red Fort.
- Bahadur Shah Zafar was sent to Rangoon by the British.
- British did not use certain weapons due to their heavy cartridges.
- The fat from the village was used in the cartridges, which was deemed offensive.
Points summarizing the given information.
- Roy refused to use something he didn't know how to use.
- Indian Sepoys were unhappy with their salary and expressed their discontent.
- The mention of Carthage and Greece with the Department of Cow and Pisces is unclear.
- Guru Tegh Bahadur Shah Zafar was referred to as the last emperor of the Mughal Empire.
- Lord Canning said that Lord Dalhousie had brought the Doctrine of Laptop.
- The previous title of Governor General of India was replaced by Governor of India.
- The British Crown sends representatives to India.
The Impact of British Policies and the Rebellion of 1857
- Anger and opposition among the people due to East India Company policies.
- Shift of power from Nawabs to the company.
- Interference of the company in society through houses and army production.
- Control over influential figures like Rani Lakshmi Bai and refusal to recognize rightful heirs.
- The subsidiary alliance policy and removal of Mughal names from coins and idols.
- Problems with the permanent settlement system and revenue collection.
- Struggles of landowners and impact on common people.
- Involvement of Indian Sapphoys in administration.
- Worker dissatisfaction with long working hours and rule violations.
- British laws for remarriage of widows and promotion of English education.
- Conversion to Christianity and protection of land ownership.
- Company's attempts to destroy traditional customs and traditions.
- Events leading to the uprising, fraudulent enrollment, and mistreatment of Indian soldiers.
- Rebellion spreading from Meerut to other cities, involvement of Bahadur Shah Zafar.
- Rebellion as a turning point in India's fight for independence.
- British forces capturing rebels and removal of rulers.
- Fight against the British by Rani Lakshmibai and Avantibai Lodhi.
- Situation in Awadh and rebellion leaders in Lucknow, Varanasi, and Bihar.
- Punishments for rebels and imprisonment of Shah Zafar and Begum Zeenat Mahal.
Events and Policies during British Rule in India
- Bahadur Shah was imprisoned in Rangoon jail and Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, died there.
- Lucknow came under British control and Rani Avanti Bai of Jhansi fought against the British and died in battle.
- Tatya Tope, a leader, was caught, prosecuted, and died.
- British tried to win back the trust of the people by giving rewards to loyal landholders in Noida and offering safety and rights to some rebellion participants.
- Government of India Act 1881 transferred power and territories from the East India Company to the British Crown.
- British established the title of Governor General of India and the British Crown became the ultimate authority in India.